What type of analysis is described as the study of the impact on other variables when one variable is changed repeatedly?

The correct answer describes a process that focuses on determining the outcome of varying a single variable while observing the effects it has on other related variables. This analysis is commonly referred to as goal-seeking analysis.

In goal-seeking analysis, the aim is to find the necessary input values to achieve a desired outcome or goal. By systematically changing one variable and studying how it influences the results, analysts can understand the relationships between the variables and explore various scenarios to achieve a specific target. For instance, if a manager wants to find out how increasing the budget affects sales, they would conduct a goal-seeking analysis to see how much the budget needs to change to reach their desired sales figures.

Other types of analysis, while related to data and optimization, do not specifically focus on manipulating one variable to gauge its impact on others in the same structured way. Optimization analysis looks more broadly at maximizing or minimizing a set of variables rather than focusing on achieving a particular goal. An executive information system isn't an analysis type but rather a tool that provides senior management with easy access to internal and external information relevant to their strategic goals. Granularity refers to the level of detail in data or analysis and doesn't directly pertain to the study of variable change impacts.