What type of encryption system uses a public key for everyone and a private key for only the recipient?

The concept being described relates to the use of two distinct keys in encryption: a public key that can be shared with anyone, and a private key that is kept secret and used solely by the recipient. This system is a defining characteristic of asymmetric encryption.

In asymmetric encryption, specifically, one key (the public key) is used for encrypting data, while the corresponding key (the private key) is used for decrypting it. This ensures that even if someone intercepts the public key, they cannot decrypt any messages intended for the private key holder without access to the private key. This provides a significant advantage in secure communications, as it simplifies the exchange of keys and enhances security.

Public key encryption is a broad term that often refers to the same technique but doesn’t capture the distinction between the two keys as precisely as asymmetric encryption. Therefore, recognizing that the specific mention of a public key for everyone and a private key for the recipient is fundamental in highlighting how data is protected and shared securely falls under the category of asymmetric encryption.

This understanding is crucial in the field of information technology management, as it underpins many secure communication protocols used today, including SSL/TLS for secure web browsing, email encryption, and various forms of digital signatures.