Which component interprets software instructions and directs other hardware devices?

The control unit is the component that plays a vital role in interpreting software instructions and directing the operations of other hardware devices. It serves as the brain of the processor, coordinating activities and ensuring that programs are executed correctly. The control unit fetches instructions from memory, decodes them to understand what actions are required, and then sends signals to the appropriate components to carry out those actions. This process is crucial for the overall functioning of a computer, allowing different parts to work together efficiently under the guidance of the control unit.

In contrast, while the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) performs mathematical and logical operations, it does not manage the execution flow or direct hardware like the control unit does. The central processing unit (CPU) encompasses both the control unit and the ALU, but the CPU itself is a broader entity and not specifically responsible for instruction interpretation and hardware direction alone. Lastly, coaxial cable is a physical medium used for data transmission and has no role in the processing or interpretation of software instructions.